debt_leverage_profile
1.54x Total Debt / Equity (Elevated leverage)
High
SEC-XBRL
interest_rate_sensitivity
~$8-10M annual interest expense increase per 100bps rise; ~$400M floating-rate debt exposure makes leverage ratio sensitive to rate hikes
Inferred
Agent_Inference
geopolitical_supply_exposure
Medium intensity; US-China trade tariffs on metals and components disrupt supply chains.
Medium
GICS-commodity-overlay-v1
supply_chain_dependency
China (fasteners, castings, engineered components) and Taiwan Strait corridor for precision machined parts are top-two chokepoints
Inferred
Agent_Inference
international_expansion_readiness
EUR (~30% intl revenue), MXN (~15%), and CAD (~10%) exposure; EUR devaluation most material given European manufacturing operations
Inferred
Agent_Inference
geographic_footprint
Operations in 20+ countries; EUR, MXN, CAD are top three currency exposures; European segment most vulnerable to sovereign devaluation risk
Inferred
Agent_Inference
commodity_exposure_profile
Medium intensity; commodities: Steel, Aluminum, Copper, Crude Oil (fuel), Rare Earth Elements, Plastics/Resins; geopolitical: US-China trade tariffs on metals and components disrupt supply chains.
Medium
GICS-commodity-overlay-v1
vendor_lock_dependency_score
No single vendor exceeds 30% of input costs; diversified industrial supply base, but steel and aluminum commodity suppliers are concentrated top inputs
Inferred
Agent_Inference
business_model_type_primary
Cloud infrastructure termination would have minimal operational impact; Park Ohio is an industrial manufacturer with minimal SaaS/cloud dependency
Inferred
Agent_Inference
business_model_type_secondary
ERP and supply chain management software (SAP/Oracle) termination would be more disruptive than cloud provider loss for this manufacturer
Inferred
Agent_Inference
switching_cost_profile
Low API coupling risk; legacy industrial/ERP systems dominate; switching costs are physical and contractual, not API-driven
Inferred
Agent_Inference
howey_test_risk_index
Fails Howey Test; revenue model is B2B industrial manufacturing and supply chain services—clearly not an investment contract or securities offering
Inferred
Agent_Inference
regulatory_burden_tier
Medium
Medium
GICS-regulatory-overlay-v1
data_sovereignty_risk
Moderate GDPR exposure via European manufacturing employees/operations; CCPA exposure limited; industrial B2B data rather than consumer PII is primary data type
Inferred
Agent_Inference
antitrust_exposure_flag
Low-moderate; operates in fragmented industrial supply chain market; no dominant market share in any single segment exceeding 20-25%
Inferred
Agent_Inference
regulatory_exposure_profile
Medium burden; regimes: FAA, DOT, OSHA, EPA, ITAR, FTC; Export controls and defense procurement rules create contract concentration risk.
Medium
GICS-regulatory-overlay-v1
revenue_model_type
~60-70% recurring via long-term supply agreements and JIT contracts; ~30-40% transactional spot/project-based; recurring base anchored to OEM production schedules
Inferred
Agent_Inference
monetization_vector
B2B industrial supply contracts and engineered components; revenue tied to customer production volumes (auto, aerospace, industrial OEMs)
Inferred
Agent_Inference
pricing_architecture
Cost-plus pricing with pass-through clauses for steel/aluminum; limited pricing power under inflationary spikes without contract renegotiation lag risk
Inferred
Agent_Inference
pricing_power_rating
3/5; OEM customer pricing pressure limits margin expansion; some protection via engineered-to-spec products but commodity input exposure constrains power
Inferred
Agent_Inference
target_gross_margin_bracket
9.8% Gross Margin (Thin (<20%))
High
SEC-XBRL
churn_vulnerability_index
No free-rider problem; B2B industrial supply with contractual commitments; churn risk is customer insourcing or OEM production cuts, not free-riding
Inferred
Agent_Inference
headcount_cost_structure
Revenue growth is headcount-linear to sublinear; manufacturing scale benefits modest but new plants require proportional labor; automation investment reduces linearity
Inferred
Agent_Inference
marginal_cost_of_growth
High marginal capital intensity; doubling revenue requires significant capex for facilities and tooling; EBITDA margins compress on rapid scale-up without volume leverage
Inferred
Agent_Inference
franchise_compliance_risk
Not applicable; Park Ohio operates wholly-owned subsidiaries and divisions, not a franchise model
Inferred
Agent_Inference
customer_acquisition_metric
At 10x scale, OEM concentration risk intensifies; CAC is relationship/RFQ-driven with long sales cycles; unit economics improve modestly via procurement leverage
Inferred
Agent_Inference
network_effect_present
No meaningful network effects; value proposition is engineering expertise and supply reliability, not platform scale; competitive moat is operational, not network-based
Inferred
Agent_Inference
asset_efficiency_ratio
1.7% Return on Assets (Excellent)
High
SEC-XBRL
recession_resistance_tier
Tier 3 (cyclical); heavily exposed to auto production cycles and industrial capex; revenue declined significantly in 2008-09 and 2020 downturns
Inferred
Agent_Inference
customer_segment_primary
Automotive OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers (~40-45% of revenue); Ford, GM, Stellantis production schedules directly drive segment performance
Inferred
Agent_Inference
customer_segment_secondary
Aerospace, defense, and industrial equipment manufacturers (~30-35% of revenue); longer-cycle but subject to capex budget cuts in downturns
Inferred
Agent_Inference
characteristic_occupations
["11-0000 Management Occupations", "13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations", "15-0000 Computer and Mathematical Occupations", "17-0000 Architecture and Engineering Occupations", "23-0000 Legal Occupations", "33-0000 Protective Service Occupations", "37-0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations", "41-0000 Sales and Related Occupations", "43-0000 Office and Administrative Support Occupations", "47-0000 Construction and Extraction Occupations", "49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations", "51-0000 Production Occupations", "53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations"]
High
SOC-2018/GICS-overlay
agent_automatable_labor_share
0.3 (HIL — ~30% of characteristic roles agent-automatable)
Medium
SOC-2018 + agentic-exposure-v1
capital_expenditure_profile
2.5% CapEx / Revenue (Low-CapEx Asset-Light)
High
SEC-XBRL
sec_cik
0000076282
High
SEC-EDGAR
ticker
PKOH
High
SEC-EDGAR